Fire Extinguisher is a tool used to extinguish fires or small-scale fires. In general, an APAR is a tube filled with a high-pressure fire extinguisher.
However, fire extinguishers have a different medium. Each class of fire must be extinguished with the right medium to prevent things that can actually make things worse. Because many things can cause fires, such as coming from solid, liquid, gas, or metal objects, the fire extinguisher needed must be in accordance with the class of fire in order to be extinguished quickly and effectively.
In this article we will discuss:
Based on the fire extinguishing materials used, fire extinguishers can be classified into several types. In general, there are 4 types of APAR media, namely:
Then how many types of Fire Extinguisher media? and do they have different functions?
Clean Agent fire extinguisher
After halon was banned because it was harmful to the environment and might destroy the ozone layer, a clean agent-based fire extinguisher appeared as a replacement for halon. When this medium is still in the tube, it is liquid, but when sprayed on the fire point, it transforms into a gas. Environmentally friendly media capable of extinguishing class A, B, and C fire risks with non-conductive, non-corrosive, and residue-free properties (does not leave marks) that are safe for humans and do not harm the ozone layer It is appropriate for electronic device fire protection. SV-36 (HFC-236fa hydrofluorocarbon) gas is present in one of these media.
Foam fire extinguisher (AFFF)
This type of foam fire extinguisher is a type of fire extinguisher consisting of chemicals that can form foam. Fire suppression with foam is an insulating system, which prevents oxygen from participating in chemical chain reactions. This AFFF foam fire extinguisher is very suitable to be used to extinguish fires originating from non-metallic materials, such as paper, rubber, cloth, etc. (class A fires) as well as fires caused by liquid materials such as oil, alcohol, solvents. , and so on (class B). However, foam media cannot be used on class C (electrical) fires because it is a conductor and can aggravate short circuits.
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher
This type of fire extinguisher is effective for class A, B, and C fires. Dry Chemical Powder APAR consists of dry chemical powder which is a combination of Mono-ammonium and ammonium sulfate. The dry chemical powder released is able to cover the burning material so that it can separate Oxygen which is an important element in fires.
Monoammonium phosphate, also known as ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, is a chemical compound with the formula MAP is a key component in agricultural fertilizers as well as some fire extinguishers. It is used extensively in optics and electronics. Suitable for fires of classes A, B, C, and D.
Formula: (NH4)H2PO4; contains 12% N (nitrogen) and 61% P2O5 (phosphate).
Molar mass: 115.03 g/mol
Solubility: insoluble in ethanol; insoluble in acetone
Melting point: 190° C (374° F; 463 °K).
Crystal Structure: Tetragonal
NFPA 704 (fire diamonds): 0 1 0
Refractive index (nD): 1.525
Potassium bicarbonate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KHCO3. It is a solid white.
Molar mass: 100.115 g/mol
Soluble in: Water
Acidity (pKa): 10.329 6.351 (carbonic acid)
Other cations: Potassium carbonate; ammonium bicarbonate
Another anion: Potassium carbonate
LD50 (median dose): >2000 mg/kg (rat, oral)
The chemical compound sodium bicarbonate, also known as baking soda or bicarbonate, has the formula NaHCO3. It's a salt made up of sodium cation and bicarbonate anion. Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline, but often appears as a fine powder.
Molar mass: 84.007 g/mol
IUPAC ID: Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate
Density: 2.2 g/ cm³
Formula: NaHCO3
Soluble in: Water
Sodium Chloride, Class D
Class D powders are sodium chloride-based dry chemical fire extinguishing powders that are suitable for extinguishing class D fires made of metals such as magnesium, aluminum, alkali, and so on. Powder D is intended for use in extinguishers and other powder systems.
This substance's function is to break the chemical reaction in the fire triangle, allowing the fire to be extinguished. Powder, also known as dry chemical powder, has a low melting point and small particles. This powder media is suitable for a wide range of fire classes.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) fire extinguisher types
This type of fire extinguisher uses carbon dioxide (CO2) as an extinguishing agent, so it is able to extinguish class B (flammable liquid materials) and C (voltage electrical installations) fires. This Light Fire Extinguisher has a function to reduce oxygen levels up to 12% and effectively extinguish fires that occur in the room.
Choose an SNI certified fire extinguisher and don't forget to use domestically made products! Remember, Think Safety Think Servvo!